By Azernews

By Ayya Lmahamad

Since about 70 percent of the earth’s cover is water, it is undoubtedly becoming one of the world’s greatest resources. It is an important element for both domestic and industrial purposes and is used in almost all areas and processes of human activities.

Nevertheless, a closer inspection of the planet’s water resources points to their poor and threatening condition. Water pollution is a problem powerful enough to bring the world to the brink of destruction.

Today, oil and petroleum products are recognized as one of the main pollutants of the environment. The environmental problem of oil pollution becomes more acute due to the complexity of its removal and the high cost of the methods used.

The environmental consequences of oil and petroleum product spills are difficult to account for, since this pollution affects many natural processes and interrelationships, significantly changing the habitat conditions of living organisms.

Scientists from Astrakhan invented a new method for cleaning the Caspian Sea from oil products. Employees of Astrakhan State Technical University came up with the idea of special bacteria.

Scientists from the university’s applied biology and microbiology department discovered new technologies to reduce damage from oil spills. As a result of research, the specialists obtained bacteria that will clean the Caspian Sea water area from oil products.

The essence of this method is that the bacteria collected practically near the oil production sites will split the oil film in the sea into separate drops. This accelerates the natural processes of oil biodegradation.

It is also worth recalling that earlier this year, Azerbaijani Investment Company OJSC AND Israel’s I.D.E Water Assets Ltd Company signed a memorandum of understanding on the cooperation for the establishment of the plant in Azerbaijan on the desalination of the Caspian Sea water.

Geographically speaking, the Caspian Sea is not a sea, but the world’s largest lake with an area of 371,000 square kilometers. It is bounded by Kazakhstan from mid-north to mid-east, Russia from mid-north to mid-west, Azerbaijan to the southwest, Iran to the south and adjacent corners, and Turkmenistan along the southern part of its eastern coast.

The Kur and Samur rivers feed into the Caspian Sea. The Volga River, which runs through Russian territory, is the largest river flowing into the Caspian Sea. At the same time, the Caspian Sea has several islands, the largest of which is Pirlallhi.

The geographical location of the Caspian Sea creates favorable conditions for the establishment and development of beneficial and constructive relations between the littoral states.

In 2018, the Caspian Sea’s legal status was confirmed. At the Aktau conference in August 2018, the Caspian Sea littoral states ratified an agreement on the Caspian Sea status. Because of its abundant natural resources, coastal states had difficulty striking an agreement. Despite signing the treaty in 2018, it is not yet in force due to Iran’s lengthy ratification procedure.